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In The Martyrs of Japan , Rady Roldán-Figueroa examines the role that Catholic missionary orders played in the dissemination of accounts of Christian martyrdom in Japan. The work combines several historiographical approaches, including publication history, history of missions, and "new" institutional history. The author offers an overarching portrayal of the writing, printing, and circulation of books of 'Japano-martyrology.' The book is organized into two parts. The first part, "Spirituality of Writing, Publication History, and Japano-martyrology," addresses topics ranging from the historical background of Christianity in Japan to the publishers of Japano-martyrology. The second part, "Jesuits, Discalced Franciscans, and the Production of Japano-martyrology in the Early Modern Spanish World," features closer analysis of selected works of Japano-martyrology by Jesuit and Discalced Franciscan writers.

Theology, Doctrinal --- Christian doctrines --- Christianity --- Doctrinal theology --- Doctrines, Christian --- Dogmatic theology --- Fundamental theology --- Systematic theology --- Theology, Dogmatic --- Theology, Systematic --- Theology --- Doctrines --- Book history --- Christian religious orders --- religious texts --- anno 1500-1599 --- anno 1600-1699 --- Spain --- Japan --- Philippines --- Martyres Iaponenses

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Isaac Argyros was a leading astronomer and theologian of the late 14th century, who spent most of his life at the Chora monastery in Constantinople. Besides several works on astronomy, he wrote a number of treatises against the Palamites in the tradition of his teacher and mentor Nicephorus Gregoras: (1.) De quattuor modis participationis Dei; (2.) De lumine Transfigurationis ad Gedeonem Zographum; and (3.) Solutio quaestionis cuiusdam Palamiticae. Former emperor John Cantacuzenus composed a lenghty treatise against Argyros (Contra Argyrum), in which he attacks the fact that Argyros and his followers deny three things: that the seven spirits referred to by Isaiah are uncreated; that the grace of God is uncreated; and that men receive gifts of God in an immediate manner." --

Theology, Doctrinal --- Argyros, Isaac, --- John --- Christian doctrines --- Christianity --- Doctrinal theology --- Doctrines, Christian --- Dogmatic theology --- Fundamental theology --- Systematic theology --- Theology, Dogmatic --- Theology, Systematic --- Theology --- Doctrines --- Argyrus, Isaac, --- Joannes --- Iōannēs --- Joannes Christodoulos, --- Cantacuzenus, John, --- Kantakouzēnos, Iōannēs, --- Johannes --- Kantakuzenos, Johannes, --- Kantakuzin, Ioann, --- Argyros, Isaac --- Medieval Greek literature

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In Das theologische Profil des Julian von Toledo analysiert Stefan Pabst das Leben und Wirken des westgotischen Bischofs Julian von Toledo (ca. 642-690). Im Anschluss an eine Hinführung zum historischem Umfeld und zur Biographie des Julian werden sämtliche erhaltene Schriften untersucht. Dies betrifft sowohl die die nicht-theologischen als auch die theologischen Werke. Im Zentrum der Analyse steht einerseits die Frage nach der Originalität des Autors. Julian zitiert nämlich intensiv aus den Schriften der Kirchenväter, insbesondere des Augustinus. Andererseits werden die Zielgruppe und die Intention jeder einzelnen Schrift eingehend betrachtet. Abschließend wird so ein theologisches Profil des Julian von Toledo entwickelt, das ihn als einen patristischen, einen pädagogisch-pastoralen und damit als einen spezifisch westgotischen Theologen präsentiert. In Das theologische Profil des Julian von Toledo Stefan Pabst analyses the life and work of the Visigothic bishop Julian of Toledo (ca. 642-690). After a presentation of Julian's historical environment and biography, all preserved writings are analysed in detail. This includes his non-theological as well as his theological works. While, on the one hand, the analysis focusses on the question of the author's originality, for Julian quotes extensively from the works of the Church Fathers, Augustine in particular, on the other hand, the author's addressed audience and the intention of each individual writing are considered in detail as well. As conclusion, Julian's profile as Theologian is presented: He is a patristic and pedagogical-pastoral theologian and thus a specifically Visigothic theologian.

Theology, Doctrinal --- History --- Julianus, --- Criticism and interpretation. --- 2 JULIANUS TOLETANUS --- 2 JULIANUS TOLETANUS Godsdienst. Theologie--JULIANUS TOLETANUS --- Godsdienst. Theologie--JULIANUS TOLETANUS --- Christian doctrines --- Christianity --- Doctrinal theology --- Doctrines, Christian --- Dogmatic theology --- Fundamental theology --- Systematic theology --- Theology, Dogmatic --- Theology, Systematic --- Theology --- Doctrines --- Giuliano, --- Julian, --- Julien, --- Religions --- Church history --- Christian theology --- Theology, Christian --- Religion --- Theology, Doctrinal - Spain - History - Middle Ages, 600-1500. --- Iulianus ep. Toletanus --- Julianus, - Saint, Bishop of Toledo, - -690 --- Julianus, - Saint, Bishop of Toledo, - -690 - Criticism and interpretation.

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Is debate on issues related to faith and reason still possible when dialogue between believers and non-believers has collapsed? Taking God Seriously not only proves that it is possible, but also demonstrates that such dialogue produces fruitful results. Here, Brian Davies, a Dominican priest and leading scholar of Thomas Aquinas, and Michael Ruse, a philosopher of science and well-known non-believer, offer an extended discussion on the nature and plausibility of belief in God and Christianity. They explore key topics in the study of religion, notably the nature of faith, the place of reason in discussions about religion, proofs for the existence of God, the problem of evil, and the problem of multiple competing religious systems, as well as the core concepts of Christian belief including the Trinity and the justification of morality. Written in a jargon-free manner, avoiding the extremes of evangelical literalism and New Atheism prejudice, Taking God Seriously does not compromise integrity or shy from discussing important or difficult issues.

Faith and reason. --- Theology, Doctrinal. --- Good and evil. --- Ethics. --- God --- Deontology --- Ethics, Primitive --- Ethology --- Moral philosophy --- Morality --- Morals --- Philosophy, Moral --- Science, Moral --- Philosophy --- Values --- Evil --- Wickedness --- Ethics --- Polarity --- Religious thought --- Christian doctrines --- Christianity --- Doctrinal theology --- Doctrines, Christian --- Dogmatic theology --- Fundamental theology --- Systematic theology --- Theology, Dogmatic --- Theology, Systematic --- Theology --- Faith and logic --- Logic and faith --- Reason --- Reason and faith --- Reason and religion --- Religion and reason --- Proof. --- Doctrines --- Religious aspects

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Welche Bedeutung hat der Heilige Geist für den Einzelnen, die Kirche, die Heilsgeschichte? Diese Frage reflektiert die vorliegende Studie an dem im deutschen Sprachraum noch weitgehend unbekannten Kirchenlehrer Johannes von Ávila († 1569), der seine Pneumatologie aus einer spirituellen Glaubenserfahrung heraus vornehmlich in seinen Predigten entwickelte – nicht zuletzt, um eine notwendige Reform der Kirche zu fördern. Ávilas Pneumatologie ist geprägt durch die vielfältigen Herausforderungen des „Siglo de oro“ in Spanien, das durch eine aufblühende geistliche Erneuerung, aber auch durch tiefgreifende Missstände innerhalb der Kirche geprägt war. Ausgehend vom Konzept der liebenden trinitarischen Selbstmitteilung Gottes wird Ávilas Verständnis vom Wirken des Heiligen Geistes in seinen vielfältigen, nahezu alle dogmatische Traktate durchdringenden Dimensionen dargestellt und im Hinblick auf die aktuellen Fragestellungen seiner Zeit kontextualisiert. Herzstück von Ávilas Pneumatologie ist das pneumatologische Prinzip der „Espirituación“, das er dem christologischen Prinzip der Inkarnation an die Seite stellt und das für ihn der Schlüssel zu einer inneren Reform der Kirche darstellt. Zentral für Ávila ist demnach nicht die Pneumatologie als Lehre, sondern deren erneuernde Kraft und pastorale Ausrichtung.

Holy Spirit --- Theology, Doctrinal --- 248 JUAN DE AVILA --- 231.3 --- 231.3 God de Heilige Geest. Pneumatologie. Parakleet --- God de Heilige Geest. Pneumatologie. Parakleet --- 248 JUAN DE AVILA Spiritualite. Ascese. Mystique. Theologie ascetique et mystique. Devotion--JUAN DE AVILA --- 248 JUAN DE AVILA Spiritualiteit. Ascese. Mystiek. Vroomheid--JUAN DE AVILA --- Spiritualite. Ascese. Mystique. Theologie ascetique et mystique. Devotion--JUAN DE AVILA --- Spiritualiteit. Ascese. Mystiek. Vroomheid--JUAN DE AVILA --- Christian doctrines --- Christianity --- Doctrinal theology --- Doctrines, Christian --- Dogmatic theology --- Fundamental theology --- Systematic theology --- Theology, Dogmatic --- Theology, Systematic --- Theology --- Holy Ghost --- Paraclete --- Pneumatology (Theology) --- Spirit, Holy --- God (Christianity) --- Spirit --- Trinity --- History of doctrines --- History --- Doctrines --- John, --- Avila, Jean d', --- Avila, John of, --- Ávila, Juan de, --- D'Avila, Jean, --- De Ávila, Juan, --- Jean, --- Juan, --- Spain --- Intellectual life